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Moorish Medicine Health CareMoorish Medicine Health Care Took into Account Multiple FactorsOne phrase inspired Islamic medicine.Allah had created a cure for every disease. Moorish Health Care, aimed, to achieve a working conscious harmony - in body and spirit. Psychological aspects were considered equally important as physical symptoms. Based on the Mohammadian notion - a cure for every disease existed - not surprizingly, the early authors of Islamic Medicine were clerics, rather than doctors. Medical EthicsEvery religion (irrespective of social status - the rich and poor ) were treated equally in Birmanistan Islamic hospitals. Staff, too, were multicultural with Islamic, Christian and Jewish members. Women also worked in Islamic hospitals as doctors, surgeons and nurses.Medical ethics were of the highest nature: Ishaq bin Ali Rahawi wrote a twenty-chapter treatise called the Conduct of a Physician: Adab al-Tabib. UniformRegulation attire for Doctors, was white. Their nails were to be short and clean. Moorish doctors had to be genuinely caring about their patients. Doctors' behaviour towards patients was to be dignified and respectful - even if they were insulted and threatened for their work.Moorish Medicine Health Care PathologyDoctors meticulously studied their patients' lifestyles. Text books listed illnesses in a head-to-feet order. Moorish Andalusian doctors' pathological assessments were similar to modern-day doctors' examinations.PreventionGeneral Factors:
Psychological Categories
Illness CategoriesFevers, epidemics, venomous bites, or matters requiring surgery.Therapeutic Remedies
Moorish Medicine Plant Medicines: Botany and PharmacologyCertain plants were "known" for healing properties. Plant medicines were the prefered choice of medication. Each plant or plant-section: its leaves, fruit, flower, or roots etc, represented a pharmacological remedy for one individual illnesses.First Botanical Garden of the al-AndalusCordova hosted "new plant acclimatization" in the Aljama Mezquita's garden. The oldest Moorish Garden was the Patio de los Naranjos.Abd ar-Rahman 1 ordered that new plant species - brought from Mesopotamian areas - were to be first acclimatized to the soil conditions of the al-Andalus. The Middle East's medicine cabinet was thus replicated. (Abd-ar-Rahman's descendants repeated "plant acclimatizations" in their respective royal gardens: Madinat az-Zahra and in the Alhambra-Granada-Spain-1 and Generalife royal gardens.) Two Books that Profoundly Influenced Moorish MedicineIn 948 AD the Byzantianium Emperor sent Caliph Abd ar-Rahman 111 an illustrated copy of Discorides's De Materia Medica.Three men of three religions translated this work into Arabic: Hasdat Ibn Saprut (Jewish), Ibn Yulyul (Moslem), Nikolaeos (Christian). Names of plants were extremely clear. No less than six languages had their corresponding translation for each species: Latin, Greek, Andalusian Arabic, classical Arabic, Berber and Romance. In addition to Discorides' work, the translators, added more discoveries. The writings of Discorides laid the praxis cornerstone of al-Andalusian Moorish Medicine Health Care.
Discorides - De Materia MedicaDe Materia Medica was written in the 1st century AD by the Greek phyisican Discorides. Over 600 plants were extensively studied alongside therapeutic minerals and the healing properties of animals.
Avicenna's Canon on Medicine: Kitab al-Qanun fi l-tibb and the work of Discorides were two of the most important medical books.
The need for StabilityEstablishing political stabilty in Moorish Spain, was a foremost issue. From the eight to the tenth centuries, some Visigoth medicine carried over, practised by specifically trained Monks (and some Mozarabs).Opening FrontiersThe Islamic Translation Movement revolutionized scientific fields. The highest levels of Saracen culture (Syrian-Arabization) and its luxurious refinement became well established in the al-Andalus by Emir Abd-ar-Rahman 11's rule. The Emir was an enthusiastic philanthropist. He widely influenced and promoted the study of all sciences, but especially, in Moorish Medicine Health Care.
Moorish Medical Savants
Abu al Qasim: Albucasis - the father of modern surgery – developed new medical instruments. Born in Zahara , Cordova 1013 - 1106 AD. Albucasis introduced the use of catgut in surgical-ligature. He introduced the forceps, the surgical needle, scalpel, the specula, surgical spoon, hook, rod and bone-saw, the curette, the retractor. Albucasis's work in obstetrics introduced the caesearian. Cauterization was implemented, dentistry advanced, stones were removed from the bladder and the tracheotomy was untertaken by Albucasis. Many of Albucasis's techniques in neurosurgery remain in use.
Attitude about Surgery in Europe during the lifetime of AlbucasisIn Europe 1163 AD, many doctors were clerics. A lot of patients lost their lives to the barbers and charlatans of European Medieval medicine. The church declared, at the Council of Tours that "surgery and the study of surgery was to be abandoned by all schools of medicine and all decent physicians."Ibn Sina: Avicenna - the father of modern medicine .
BooksCanon : compendium and summary of Greek-Islamic medicine. The Canon served the European medical world for over three hundred years.Antidotarium : the base for drugs. General inhalant anaesthetics were introduced by Avicenna soaking sponges with narcotic substances.
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New Surgical Tools Albucasis